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Glossary of Terms

Glossary of Terms for ISO Standards, Cyber Security,

and Third Party Risk Management

Application Penetration Testing

A penetration test, colloquially known as a pentest or ethical hacking, is an authorized simulated cyberattack on a computer system, performed to evaluate the security of the system		 Find out more about Application Penetration Testing

Application Security

Application security (short AppSec) includes all tasks that introduce a secure software development life cycle to development teams. Its final goal is to improve security practices and, through that, to find, fix and preferably prevent security issues within applications		 Find out more about Application Security

BCMS

A Business Continuity Management System (BCMS). The standard outlines best practices for identifying potential threats to an organisation, assessing the impact of those threats, and developing and implementing a plan to ensure that critical business functions can continue in the event of a disruption.		 Find out more about BCMS

Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)

BYOD, for "bring your own device," refers to corporate IT policy that determines when and how employees, contractors, and other authorized end users can use their own laptops, smartphones and other personal devices on the company network to access corporate data and perform their job duties.		 Find out more about Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)

Business Continuity

Business continuity is having a plan to deal with minor incidents through to major disruption, like cyber attacks, floods, and supply chain failures.		 Find out more about Business Continuity

Capability Maturity Model (CMM)

The Capability Maturity Model (CMM) is a methodology used to develop and refine an organization's software development process. 		 Find out more about Capability Maturity Model (CMM)

Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS)

The Common Vulnerability Scoring System ( CVSS) is a free and open industry standard for assessing the severity of computer system security vulnerabilities. CVSS attempts to assign severity scores to vulnerabilities, allowing responders to prioritize responses and resources according to threat.		 Find out more about Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS)

Common Weakness Risk Analysis Framework (CWRAF)

Common Weakness Risk Analysis Framework or "CWRAF" means a framework for scoring software weaknesses in a consistent, flexible, open manner, while accommodating context for the various business domains		 Find out more about Common Weakness Risk Analysis Framework (CWRAF)

Common Weakness Scoring System (CWSS)

The Common Weakness Scoring System (CWSS) provides a mechanism for prioritizing software weaknesses in a consistent, flexible, open manner.		 Find out more about Common Weakness Scoring System (CWSS)

Cyber Essentials

The Cyber Essentials scheme, developed by the UK government, provides a simple and affordable approach to cyber security. It outlines five basic security controls that protect organisations from around 80% of common cyber attacks. The certification process is designed to help organisations of any size demonstrate their commitment to cyber security.		 Find out more about Cyber Essentials

Cyber Essentials Plus

Cyber Essentials Plus (CE+) includes an external vulnerability assessment, an internal scan and an on-site assessment. It offers more in-depth testing and therefore stronger assurances of security. CE+ carries across all elements of Cyber Essentials, including a technical audit of your systems to verify the Cyber Essentials recommended controls are in place.		 Find out more about Cyber Essentials Plus

Cyber Security

Cybersecurity is the practice of protecting critical systems and sensitive information from digital attacks. Also known as information technology (IT) security, cybersecurity measures are designed to combat threats against networked systems and applications, whether those threats originate from inside or outside of an organization.		 Find out more about Cyber Security

Cyber Security Awareness

Cyber security awareness refers to how much end-users know about the cyber security threats their business face, the risks they introduce and mitigating security best practices to guide their behavior.		 Find out more about Cyber Security Awareness

Cyber Security Incident

A cybersecurity event that has been determined to have an impact on the organization prompting the need for response and recovery.		 Find out more about Cyber Security Incident

Cyber Security Posture

The security status of an enterprise's networks, information, and systems based on information security resources (e.g., people, hardware, software, policies) and capabilities in place to manage the defense of the enterprise and to react as the situation changes		 Find out more about Cyber Security Posture

Cyber Security Roadmap

Cyber Security Roadmap (CSR) is to identify and plan the delivery timeline and priorities, against identified risks from the Cyber Security Posture Review (CSPR), to ensure you can deliver a secure environment, whilst progressing towards Cyber Maturity.		 Find out more about Cyber Security Roadmap

CyberAttack

Cyberattacks are unwelcome attempts to steal, expose, alter, disable or destroy information through unauthorized access to computer systems.		 Find out more about CyberAttack

Disaster Recovery

Disaster recovery is the process of maintaining or reestablishing vital infrastructure and systems following a natural or human-induced disaster, such as a storm or battle. It employs policies, tools, and procedures.		 Find out more about Disaster Recovery

EMS

Environmental Management Systems (EMS). It provides a framework that helps organisations identify and manage their environmental impacts and improve their environmental performance.		 Find out more about EMS

Ethical Hacker

Is a hacker who violates the security of a system with the knowledge and consent of the owner or developer, in order to test the envirnmernt, application or service, without malicious intent.		 Find out more about Ethical Hacker

GDPR

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is a legal framework that sets guidelines for the collection and processing of personal information from individuals who live and outside of the European Union (EU). Approved in 2016, the GDPR went into full effect two years later. Its aim is to give consumers control over their own personal data by holding companies responsible for the way they handle and treat this information		 Find out more about GDPR

Hacker

A hacker is someone or something who gets into other people's computer systems without permission in order to find out information or to do something illegal or malicious		 Find out more about Hacker

Integrated Management System

An Integrated Management System will intergrate multiple ISO Standards and help manage multiple ISO standards more efficiently. Many of the procedures involved in different ISO Standards are identical so if multiple standards are managed separately the work is duplicated, especially during management review meetings and document control work		 Find out more about Integrated Management System

Internal Auditor

Is a person inside the organization that assess an organization's efficiency as measured by the level of its quality and risk management systems and its overall business practices against one or more ISO Standards		 Find out more about Internal Auditor

IRCA

IRCA (International Register of Certificated Auditors) are qualified consultants who possess extensive knowledge and expertise in ISO standards. Their rigorous training and assessment equip them with a deep understanding of the requirements, methodologies, and best practices associated with ISO standards.		 Find out more about IRCA

ISMS

An Information Security Management System describes and demonstrates your organisation's approach to information security and privacy. It will help you identify and address the threats and opportunities around your valuable information and any related assets.		 Find out more about ISMS

ISO

ISO (International Organisation for Standardisation) is an independent, non-governmental, international organisation that develops standards to ensure the quality, safety, and efficiency of products, services, and systems.		 Find out more about ISO

ISO 13485

ISO 13485 is an international standard that outlines requirements for a quality management system (QMS) specifically designed for medical device manufacturers and related service providers. It specifies the requirements for a QMS throughout the entire life cycle of a medical device, from design and development to production, installation, and servicing.		 Find out more about ISO 13485

ISO 14001

ISO 14001 is an internationally recognised standard for environmental management systems (EMS). It provides a framework that helps organisations identify and manage their environmental impacts and improve their environmental performance. The standard is applicable to organisations of all sizes and types, and it can be used in any industry and can be integrated with other management systems, such as ISO9001 Quality and ISO45001 for Health and Safety. 		 Find out more about ISO 14001

ISO 20000

ISO 20000 is an international standard that provides guidelines for implementing an Information Technology Service Management (ITSM) system within an organisation. The standard outlines best practices for managing IT services, including planning, design, delivery, and improvement of services, and ensuring that they meet the needs of the organisation and its customers.		 Find out more about ISO 20000

ISO 22000

ISO 22000 is an international standard that outlines requirements for a Food Safety Management System (FSMS). It specifies the requirements for an organisation in the food industry to ensure food safety throughout the entire food supply chain, from farm to table.		 Find out more about ISO 22000

ISO 22301

ISO 22301 is an international standard that provides a framework for Business Continuity Management (BCM). The standard outlines best practices for identifying potential threats to an organisation, assessing the impact of those threats, and developing and implementing a plan to ensure that critical business functions can continue in the event of a disruption.		 Find out more about ISO 22301

ISO 27001

ISO 27001:2022 is a standard for Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) developed by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO). It provides a framework for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and continually improving an organisation's information security management system.		 Find out more about ISO 27001

ISO 27701

ISO 27701 is a privacy extension to the international standard ISO/IEC 27001, which provides guidelines for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and continually improving an information security management system (ISMS). ISO 27701 provides a framework for organisations to establish, implement, maintain and continually improve a Privacy Information Management System (PIMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001.		 Find out more about ISO 27701

ISO 45001

ISO 45001 is a globally recognized standard for occupational health and safety (OH&S) management systems. It provides a framework for organizations to manage and improve their OH&S performance and to prevent work-related injuries, ill-health, and fatalities.		 Find out more about ISO 45001

ISO 50001

ISO 50001 is a global standard for energy management systems (EnMS) that was first published in 2011. It provides a framework for organisations of all sizes and industries to establish, implement, maintain and improve energy management systems, and to continually improve their energy performance. The standard aims to help organisations reduce their energy consumption, improve their energy efficiency, and lower their greenhouse gas emissions.		 Find out more about ISO 50001

ISO 9001

ISO 9001 is a standard for quality management systems (QMS) developed by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO). It specifies the requirements for an organisation's QMS, including its processes and procedures, to ensure that its products or services consistently meet customer and regulatory requirements.		 Find out more about ISO 9001

ISO Accreditation

Is the formal recognition by an independent body, generally known as an accreditation body, that the company operates according to international standards.		 Find out more about ISO Accreditation

ISO Audit

An ISO audit is an audit of your organizations compliance to the ISO Standard put forward by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).		 Find out more about ISO Audit

ISO Auditor Training

This training course will enable you to develop your action plans and be confident in sampling key documents and records. Throughout the day, there will be interactive presentations, workshops, and role-play exercises. Our comprehensive course explains auditing principles with a practical approach to auditing and looks at specific examples and case studies. Course material is provided with a CPD certificate upon completion.		 Find out more about ISO Auditor Training

ISO Certification Body

Is the provision by an independent body of written assurance (a certificate) that the product, service or system in question meets specific requirements.		 Find out more about ISO Certification Body

ISO Certification

ISO certification certifies that a management system, manufacturing process, service, or documentation procedure has all the requirements for standardisation and quality assurance as defined by ISO (International Organisation for Standardisation)		 Find out more about ISO Certification

ISO Consultancy

The delivery of services to help business achieve their required ISO certification		 Find out more about ISO Consultancy

ISO GAP Analysis

A Gap Analysis is an assessment of your current system against the requirements of the standard. The gap analysis identifies areas where your system does not meet the requirements and is usually conducted as part of a process for assessing the readiness of your business's system for certification		 Find out more about ISO GAP Analysis

ISO Independent Certification

Independent certification, offered by non-UKAS accredited bodies assesses an organizations compliance with the ISO standard required		 Find out more about ISO Independent Certification

ISO Management System

A management system is the way in which an organization manages the interrelated parts of its business in order to achieve its objectives. These objectives can relate to a number of different topics, including product or service quality, operational efficiency, environmental performance, health and safety in the workplace and many more		 Find out more about ISO Management System

ISO Pre Audit

This audit would take place prior to the full system audit undertaken by your chosen Certification Body. It would highlight areas in which an organisation may be non-compliant to their own requirements or those of the ISO management system standard. 		 Find out more about ISO Pre Audit

Leaked Credentials 

When an orgainsations details such as email adresses and passwords are shared on the dark web		 Find out more about Leaked Credentials 

National Cyber Security Centre's (NCSC)

The NCSC acts as a bridge between industry and government, providing a unified source of advice, guidance and support on cyber security, including the management of cyber security incidents.		 Find out more about National Cyber Security Centre's (NCSC)

Network Penetration Testing

Network penetration testing simulates the processes threat actors can use to attack a business network, business website, network applications, and connected devices. The goal is to uncover security issues before threat actors find and exploit them.		 Find out more about Network Penetration Testing

NIST

The NIST Cybersecurity Framework provides comprehensive guidance and best practices that private sector organizations can follow to improve information security and cybersecurity risk management.		 Find out more about NIST

OHS

Occupational health and safety (OHS) is a practice that deals with the safety, health, welfare and wellbeing of people when they are at work.		 Find out more about OHS

Open Source Intelligence (OSINT)

Open source intelligence (OSINT) is the act of gathering and analyzing publicly available data for intelligence purposes		 Find out more about Open Source Intelligence (OSINT)

PCI/DSS

The PCI DSS (Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard) is an information security standard designed to reduce payment card fraud by increasing security controls around cardholder data		 Find out more about PCI/DSS

Penetration Testing

Penetration testing, also called pen testing, is a cyberattack simulation launched on your computer system. The simulation helps discover points of exploitation and test IT breach security. By doing consistent pen testing, businesses can obtain expert, unbiased third-party feedback on their security processes.		 Find out more about Penetration Testing

Phishing Attack

Phishing attacks are fraudulent emails, text messages, phone calls or web sites designed to trick users into downloading malware, sharing sensitive information or personal data (e.g., Social Security and credit card numbers, bank account numbers, login credentials), 		 Find out more about Phishing Attack

Pre-Audit

This audit would take place prior to the full system audit undertaken by your chosen Certification Body. It would highlight areas in which an organisation may be non-compliant to their own requirements or those of the ISO management system standard		 Find out more about Pre-Audit

QMS

A Quality Management System, often called a QMS, is a set of internal rules that are defined by a collection of policies, processes, documented procedures, and records. This system defines how a company will achieve the creation and delivery of the products and services they provide to their customers.		 Find out more about QMS

Ransomware

Ransomware is a type of malware (malicious software) that locks a victim's data or device and threatens to keep it locked—or worse—unless the victim pays a ransom to the attacker.		 Find out more about Ransomware

Risk Management

Risk management is the process of identifying, assessing and controlling financial, legal, strategic and security risks to an organization's capital and earnings. These threats, or risks, could stem from a wide variety of sources, including financial uncertainty, legal liabilities, strategic management errors, accidents and natural disasters.		 Find out more about Risk Management

SIEM

Security information and event management, SIEM for short, is a solution that helps organizations detect, analyze, and respond to security threats before they harm business operations. SIEM, pronounced "sim," combines both security information management (SIM) and security event management (SEM) into one security management system.		 Find out more about SIEM

Third Party Risk Management

Third-party risk management (TPRM) is a form of risk management that focuses on identifying and reducing risks relating to the use of third parties (sometimes referred to as vendors, suppliers, partners, contractors, or service providers).		 Find out more about Third Party Risk Management

Threat Analysis

Threat analysis is a cybersecurity strategy that aims to assess an organization's security protocols, processes and procedures to identify threats, vulnerabilities, and even gather knowledge of a potential attack before they happen.		 Find out more about Threat Analysis

Threat Management

Threat management is a process used by cybersecurity professionals to prevent cyberattacks, detect cyber threats and respond to security incidents Why is threat management important? Most security teams face information fragmentation, which can lead to blind spots in security operations.		 Find out more about Threat Management

TPRM

Third-party risk management (TPRM) is a form of risk management that focuses on identifying and reducing risks relating to the use of third parties (sometimes referred to as vendors, suppliers, partners, contractors, or service providers).		 Find out more about TPRM

UKAS

The United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS) is the national accreditation body for the United Kingdom, appointed by government, to assess organisations that provide certification, testing, inspection and calibration services		 Find out more about UKAS

UKAS Certification

Accreditation determines the technical competence, reliability and integrity of Conformity Assessment Bodies. It spans all aspects of our every day lives to provide confidence that accredited organisations are competent and can be trusted to deliver promised levels of performance and protection for the products and services we rely on.		 Find out more about UKAS Certification

Virtual Chief Information Security Officer (vCISO) 

The vCISO provides flexible, on-demand access to the capabilities required to combat present cyber security threats and proactively plan for future ones.		 Find out more about Virtual Chief Information Security Officer (vCISO) 

Virtual Data protection Officer (vDPO) 

The vDPO provides flexible, on-demand access to capabilities that empower organizations to oversee and direct activitiThe vDPO provides flexible, on-demand access to capabilities that empower organizations to oversee and direct activities related to Data Protection. Ensuring regulatory compliance and safeguarding the privacy of personnel, customers, and third parties are critical responsibilities.		 Find out more about Virtual Data protection Officer (vDPO) 

Vulnerability Assesment

A vulnerability assessment is the process of identifying, quantifying, and prioritizing (or ranking) the vulnerabilities in a system.		 Find out more about Vulnerability Assesment

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